Psychiatric Comorbidity and Health-related Quality of Life in Adolescents with Asthma: A Cross-sectional Study from South India

Abstract Background: Children and adolescents with symptomatic asthma are at a higher risk of experiencing various mental health issues compared to the general population, which may be linked to poorer outcomes. This study examines the psychiatric comorbidities and quality of life in adolescents with asthma. Materials and Methods: This pilot study was conducted among adolescents exhibiting symptoms of bronchial asthma for a minimum of 12 months and enrolled in the Pediatric Asthma clinic. The study design was cross-sectional, descriptive, and non-matched. The participants consisted of 40 adolescents, and their clinical profile and psychological factors associated with the illness were assessed through an interview conducted by the primary investigator. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders was assessed using the developmental psychopathology checklist, and the findings were affirmed by the psychiatrist, and the pediatric asthma quality of life questionnaire was used to ascertain the health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Results: Psychiatric comorbidity was found in 37.5%, multiple psychiatric diagnoses in 15%, and low HRQOL in 27.5% of the adolescents. Among the psychological factors, 15% had suicidal ideation. History of hospitalization, presence of affective issues, low self-esteem, and presence of suicidal thoughts were found to be associated with low quality of life. No significant association was found between control of asthma and quality of life. Conclusion: This study highlights the significance of identifying and managing psychological issues through a consultation liaison model, which ensures appropriate management and improves the overall quality of life for adolescents with bronchial asthma.