Comparative Analysis of Electric Light Commercial Vehicles (ELCV) from Different Manufacturers in Terms of Range, Payload and Charging Time on the Polish Market

The dynamic development of electromobility and tightening emissions regulations are making electric light commercial vehicles an increasingly important element of modern urban transport. The purpose of this article is to analyze and compare selected models of electric light commercial vehicles available on the market in terms of four key operational parameters: range, charging time, payload, and energy consumption. These parameters directly impact the efficiency of vehicle operation in real-world conditions, especially in last-mile transport. The study employed a multi-criteria decision method (MCDM), which evaluated 10 alternatives and objectively assigned criterion weights using the CRITIC method, which takes into account data variability and correlations between criteria. The article presents the interdependencies between these factors, emphasizing the need to find a compromise between maximum range and usable payload, as well as the impact of charging time on vehicle operational availability. The analysis aims to identify design and technological solutions that contribute most to improving the efficiency of electric light commercial vehicles in urban and suburban applications.