Investigating the Impacts of Hatchery Application of Chlorine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Sodium Chloride on Survival and Hematological Profiles of Clarias gariepinus Juveniles

Indiscriminate use of disinfectants in aquaculture caused ecological problems to aquatic organisms. This study was aimed to assess the median lethal concentrations 96h-LC50 of Chlorine, Hydrogen peroxide, and Sodium chloride on survival and hematological parameters of Clarias gariepinus juveniles. Three hundred and sixty fish (n=360) was divided into three groups, 120 fish (n= 120/ per disinfectant), each 120 fish was divided into five groups (n= 24/group). The fish were exposed to Chlorine (3mg, 9mg, 15mg, 21mg L-1), hydrogen peroxide (3mg, 9mg, 15mg, 21mg L-1), sodium chloride (3g, 9g, 15g, 21g L-1) and a control group for 96 hours. The median lethal concentration 96h-LC50 was evaluated using Probit analysis IBM SPSS 23 and haematological parameters were evaluated using one way ANOVA, significance is considered as p ? 0.05. The 96-LC50 values were: 7.422mgL-1 (Chlorine), 9.075mgL-1 (Hydrogen peroxide), and 10.172gL-1 (Sodium chloride). Sodium chloride, hydrogen peroxide and chlorine showed highest, moderate and lowest survival rates, respectively. Significant (p<0.05) anaemia, leukocytosis, and heterophilia were observed in groups exposed to chlorine, hydrogen peroxide (3 mg/L ? 21mg/L) and Sodium chloride (3 g/L ? 21g/L) compared to control group. Reduced hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell counts were observed in fish exposed to chlorine and hydrogen peroxide (15 mg/L ? 21mg/L) compared to control group. In this study, exposure to low and high concentrations of chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chloride induced stress and altered the hematological parameters in Clarias gariepinus juveniles.