The Effectiveness of Peer Support on Self‐Management and Psychosocial Outcomes in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that nurse-guided peer support improves self-management capabilities and quality of life among maintenance hemodialysis patients while alleviating depressive and anxiety symptoms. Due to the limited number of included studies and heterogeneity in intervention protocols, implementation formats, and supporter criteria, the certainty of evidence is mostly moderate. However, consistent results support the positive clinical benefits of this intervention. Therefore, integrating structured peer support into routine care systems represents an effective complementary strategy. Future research should focus on identifying key factors influencing its efficacy, developing standardized intervention protocols, and validating the effectiveness and sustainability of blended online-offline delivery models.