Innovative use of synthetic biodegradable polymers for sustainable dye removal from wastewater

Abstract In order to solve a major environmental concern, this analysis highlights the potential of synthetic biodegradable polymers for wastewater color removal. Because of their biodegradability, environmental compatibility, and adjustable qualities, the study intends to investigate the effectiveness of polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), poly ε‐caprolactone (PCL), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA). Techniques for synthesis and modification are described in depth, including copolymerization, ring‐opening polymerization, polycondensation, biomimetic synthesis, and surface modifications such as chemical functionalization and nanostructuring. Adsorption mechanisms, including physical interactions, chemical interactions, and ion exchange, are discovered, highlighting the effectiveness of polymers for adsorbent with different dyes such as Azo, Anthraquinone, reaction, acid, and basic color. Research shows the effectiveness of these polymers by adsorbent kinetics and balanced model. Future research guidelines include the development of new polymers, integrated advanced materials and nanotechnology, optimizing adsorption processes, and promoting long‐term methods. These trends are aimed at improving performance, selection, and environmental sustainability of general biodegradation polymers, providing a promising and environmentally friendly solution to pollute dyes in wastewater, finally protecting the environment and human health.