Premenopausal serum midkine levels and risk of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer: a prospective, nested case–control study
These findings suggest that higher baseline serum midkine levels in premenopausal women are associated with a reduced long-term risk of ER + breast cancer. This challenges prior assumptions about midkine's uniformly pro-tumorigenic role and suggests it may be a context-dependent biomarker in breast cancer development.
Authors
- Pengze Yan
- Fen Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0997-0890)
- K. KOENIG
- Anne Zeleniuch‐Jacquotte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9350-1303)
- Alan E. Arslan
- K Polyak
- Yelena Afanasyeva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9760-2697)
- Yan Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-230X)
Institutions
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (US)
- Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center (US)
- New York University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Breast Cancer Research
- Published
- 2026-01-06
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-025-02210-7
- Primary Topic
- Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00