Impact Of Climate Change On Wheat And Rice Crops In Egypt

This research primarily aims to measure the potential impacts of climate change on the two most important strategic cereal crops in the Arab Republic of Egypt, namely wheat and rice, during the study period (1994-2022). The results indicate that the average annual production of wheat and rice in Egypt reached approximately 7324.50, 5161.00 thousand tons, respectively. The results also show that the average quantity available for consumption of each of the studied crops was approximately 14.38 million tons for wheat and 4.15 million tons for rice, respectively. The food gap was approximately 7.06 million tons annually for wheat, while the consumption surplus was approximately 1.011 million tons for rice. The average per capita consumption of the two crops was approximately 157.00, 44.87 kg per year for wheat and rice, respectively. By measuring the potential effects of climate change on the two crops, it was found that the most influential factor on wheat crop productivity was the effect of the minimum temperature, as it was found that an increase of one degree Celsius in the minimum temperature leads to an increase in productivity of 0.04 tons/feddan. The research results recommend the need to support environmentally friendly technology in the agricultural field in order to reduce carbon emissions, and to work on transferring environmental and climatic knowledge to farmers in order to avoid its damage to cultivated crops, especially in areas affected by climate change.