Evaluation and Comparison of Cardioprotective Activity of Albizia amara Roxb. & Achyranthes aspera Linn.

AbstractThis Study aimed to characterize the phenolic compounds in Achyranthes aspera Linn extract and assesstheir potential antioxidant activity as well as its cardioprotective potential in doxorubicin-inducedcardiac hypertrophy in an experimental animal model. In vitro antioxidant properties were determinedusing DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, PMD assays. In vitro lipid peroxidation experiment was also performedwith heart tissues. The cardioprotective effect of ASL was assessed in a rat model of doxorubicin inducedcardiac hypertrophy by subcutaneous administration. Heart weight/tail length ratio and cardiachypertrophy indicators were reduced after oral administration of ASL. Additionally, ASL reducedoxidative stress and heart inflammation brought on by doxorubicin. In H9c2 cells, the antihypertrophicand anti-inflammatory effects of the extract of ASL were seen in the presence of doxorubicin, whichwere further supported by the in vivo observations. This study makes a compelling case for thepossibility that supplementing with dried ASL stem can prevent heart hypertrophy by reducing oxidativestress and inflammation. Albizia amara Roxb. (family: Fabaceae) is a deciduous medicinal tree widelydistributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. Traditionally, various parts of the plant,including bark, leaves, seeds, and roots, have been used in folk medicine for the treatment of ailments such asdiarrhea, dysentery, cough, skin diseases, ulcers, and inflammation. Phytochemical investigations have revealedthe presence of diverse bioactive constituents, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, andglycosides, which contribute to its pharmacological potential. Experimental studies have reported a broadspectrum of biological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective,antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. The bark and leaves, in particular, exhibit significant therapeutic effects,supporting their traditional use in ethnomedicine. With increasing evidence from phytochemical andpharmacological evaluations, Albizia amara represents a promising natural source for the development of noveltherapeutic agents. However, comprehensive mechanistic studies, clinical validation,