Association between intraoperative blood pressure variability and postoperative complications: a narrative review

Intraoperative blood pressure variability (IBPV) is an important indicator for perioperative hemodynamic management, and its association with postoperative complications has attracted much attention in recent years. This article reviews the definition, classification, assessment of BPV, and its relationship with postoperative complications, emphasizing the value of real-time BPV monitoring technology in optimizing intraoperative blood pressure management. Existing studies have shown that both elevated and decreased BPV can increase the risk of postoperative complications, but the specific mechanisms and optimal intervention thresholds still need further exploration. In the future, it is necessary to combine artificial intelligence and dynamic monitoring technology to promote the development of individualized anesthesia management strategies.