Indication Expansion Dynamics and Trial Characteristics of Novel Multi-Indication Anti-Cancer Drugs in China (2000–2024): A Cross-Sectional Study

Regulatory reforms facilitated the approval of novel multi-indication anti-cancer drugs, although NRDL inclusion has not kept pace. Targeted therapies dominate, while ICIs, though fewer, show the broadest indication expansion. Most drugs are approved for two to three indications, mainly in solid tumors, and later approvals were associated with different regulatory pathways than earlier ones.