Biodegradation of insecticide residue by lactic acid bacteria

The persistence of insecticide residues on food crops poses a significant risk to human health and the environment, necessitating effective residue mitigation strategies. This study evaluates the potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, Lactobacillus pentosus and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, for degrading residues of cyantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole under laboratory conditions, and further assessed their degradation potential for cyantraniliprole under field conditions. Residue levels were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, allowing precise measurement of degradation rates. In minimal broth, both strains reduced cyantraniliprole residues up to 33.07% and chlorantraniliprole residues by up to 23.44% over 12 days, with Lactobacillus pentosus demonstrating a higher degradation efficiency. Nutrient broth significantly enhanced biodegradation efficiency, with both LAB strains removing more than 98% of cyantraniliprole within 4 days and achieving complete degradation by 10th day. Controlled field evaluation demonstrated the practical efficacy of LAB application, where Lactobacillus pentosus and Lactococcus lactis reduced insecticide residues by up to 40.99 and 34.52% respectively, after 8 h of spraying. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of LAB as a natural, eco-friendly solution for mitigating pesticide residues in food commodities, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices.