Insights into the Electronic and Structural Properties of Cellulose and Amylose: A Comparative Force Field Study

Amylose and cellulose are important biopolymers with diverse applications in biotechnology and materials science. Understanding their structural, dynamic, and solvation properties at the molecular level is critical for harnessing their potential. This study investigates the electronic and structural properties of single-chain cellulose and single- and double-chain amylose in aqueous solution using molecular dynamics simulations with both nonpolarizable (CHARMM) and polarizable (Drude) force fields. CHARMM simulations show stable hydrogen bonding between amylose and water, higher glucose ring dipole moments, increased rigidity, adoption of chair conformations, and less variation in dihedral angles. In contrast, Drude simulations captured dynamic electronic polarization, enhanced conformational flexibility, and resulted in heterogeneous inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. For cellulose, structural and solvation behaviors were largely similar between CHARMM and Drude. These findings highlight molecular interactions and solvation dynamics of amylose and cellulose, with potential relevance in materials science and biotechnology.