Unifying Kibble–Zurek Mechanism in Weakly Driven Processes

A description of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism with linear response theory has been done previously, but ad hoc hypotheses were used, such as the rate-dependent impulse window via the Zurek equation in the context of no driving in the relaxation time. In this work, I present a new framework where such hypotheses are unnecessary while preserving all the characteristics of the phenomenon. The Kibble-Zurek scaling obtained for the excess work is close to 2/5, a result that holds for open and thermally isolated systems with relaxation time that diverges at the critical point and the first zero of the relaxation function is finite. I exemplify the results using four different but significant types of scaling functions.