Preparation and biological evaluation of novel pyridine derivatives employing multicomponent reactions of Meldrumʼs acid

A novel multicomponent technique was employed to achieve high yields in the synthesis of new derivatives of pyridine. The process involved the use of Vinylidene Meldrum's acid, ethyl 2-amino-4-dioxo-4-arylbutanoates, activated acetylenic compounds, and primary amines. The procedure was conducted at room temperature and in the presence of water. The antioxidant action of the newly synthesized compounds is attributed to their NH group, which has undergone two testing processes. In terms of its capacity to reduce, compound 5c performed better than the other pyridines. In addition, the antibacterial activity of the pyridines generated was studied using a disk distribution procedure, involving two types of Gram-negative bacteria. The pyridines 5 exhibit high efficacy against Escherichia coli in comparison to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria due to the significant diameter of the zone of inhibition. This technology offers several benefits, including high product yields, fast reaction times, and straightforward product separation processes.