Development of an Augmented Reality (AR)-Based Adaptive PE Teaching Module to Improve the Motor Skills of Children with Disabilities

This study aims to develop an adaptive physical education learning module based on augmented reality to improve the motor skills of students with hearing impairments in special schools (SLB). This study is a Research and Development (R&D) study that uses the ADDIE development model. The population and subjects of the study include all primary school students at the Semarang State Special School, Widya Bhakti, and Swadaya in Semarang City. Data collection techniques included interviews, observations, and questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using validity, feasibility, and effectiveness tests. The module validation results showed that the augmented reality-based adaptive physical education learning module was valid based on the ADDIE Development Model, with an average score of 0.86, meeting the high criteria in the Aiken Validation Table. Media experts gave a score of 96% in the trial, subject matter experts gave a score of 76% in the trial, and experts on the characteristics of children with disabilities gave a score of 81% in the trial. The small group trial achieved a score of 80%, while the large-scale trial achieved a score of 89%. In addition, the N-Gain value of 0.86 was considered high (g > 0.75). In conclusion, based on the results of the validity test, practicality by teachers and students, and the effectiveness test, the adaptive physical education teaching module based on augmented reality with the ADDIE model has been proven to be valid, practical, and effective for use in the learning process of children with disabilities at the Semarang City Special School.