Calcium Hydroxide versus Premixed Bioceramic Putty in Direct Pulp Capping of Primary Molars: An Equivalent Parallel Randomized Controlled Trial

Aim: This equivalent parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate and compare calcium hydroxide and premixed bioceramic putty regarding the clinical and radiographic outcomes of direct pulp capping in cariously exposed primary molars over a 12-month follow-up period. Patients and methods: The current study was planned as an equivalent randomized controlled trial. The trial included 126 healthy, cooperative children aged 4–6 years, with deep carious lower second primary molars requiring vital pulp therapy. One hundred and twenty six lower second primary molars were randomly classified into either Group I (control group): Calcium hydroxide cement or Group II (experimental group): Premixed bioceramic putty . Clinical evaluations were made at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Radiographic evaluation was carried out at 6 and 12 months. Results: After 12 months follow up, the overall success rates were (90.5%) and (87.3%) in premixed bioceramic putty and calcium hydroxide groups, respectively. Although premixed bioceramic putty group exhibited higher success rate than calcium hydroxide, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.777).Conclusion: Neoputty® exhibited higher success rate than calcium hydroxide, however, the difference was not statistically significant. After 12-month follow up, both calcium hydroxide and Neoputty® showed favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes over the follow up period.