Intradialytic Hypotension and Associated Risk Factors among Patients with Hemodialysis

Background: Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is one of the most frequent and serious complications of hemodialysis, occurring in approximately 25–50% of dialysis sessions. It significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality among hemodialysis patients. Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of intradialytic hypotension and identify its associated risk factors among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Design: A descriptive research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at Ashifa Medical Complex, which affiliated to Egypt Health Care Authority Hospitals in Port Said Governorate. Sample: A purposive sample of 164 hemodialysis patients was included. Tools: the data was gathered through three tools; Tool I was demographic and clinical data; Tool II was dialysis follow-up chart, and Tool III was dietary intake assessment by using 24-hour recall. Results: The findings showed that the incidence of intradialytic hypotension ranged from 10.4% to 19.5% among the studied patients. The major contributing factors were patient-related variables such as older age, male gender, malnutrition, which led to a reduction in caloric intake by approximately 26.14% in the first month, 30.70% in the second month, and 15.9% in the third month and anemia. Treatment-related factors such as intradialytic weight gain and high ultrafiltration rate also played a significant role. Conclusion: Intradialytic hypotension remains a common and multifactorial issue among hemodialysis patients. It is influenced by both patient-related factors as (age, sex, malnutrition, and anemia) and therapy-related factors (ultrafiltration rate, interdialytic weight gain). Recommendations: Nursing staff should enhance their awareness of IDH and its associated risk factors. Close monitoring of hemodialysis patients, particularly their biochemical parameters is essential to minimize the occurrence of IDH and improve patient outcomes. Background: Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is one of the most frequent and serious complications of hemodialysis, occurring in approximately 25–50% of dialysis sessions. It significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality among hemodialysis patients. Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of intradialytic hypotension and identify its associated risk factors among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Design: A descriptive research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at Ashifa Medical Complex, which affiliated to Egypt Health Care Authority Hospitals in Port Said Governorate. Sample: A purposive sample of 164 hemodialysis patients was included. Tools: the data was gathered through three tools; Tool I was demographic and clinical data; Tool II was dialysis follow-up chart, and Tool III was dietary intake assessment by using 24-hour recall. Results: The findings showed that the incidence of intradialytic hypotension ranged from 10.4% to 19.5% among the studied patients. The major contributing factors were patient-related variables such as older age, male gender, malnutrition, which led to a reduction in caloric intake by approximately 26.14% in the first month, 30.70% in the second month, and 15.9% in the third month and anemia. Treatment-related factors such as intradialytic weight gain and high ultrafiltration rate also played a significant role. Conclusion: Intradialytic hypotension remains a common and multifactorial issue among hemodialysis patients. It is influenced by both patient-related factors as (age, sex, malnutrition, and anemia) and therapy-related factors (ultrafiltration rate, interdialytic weight gain). Recommendations: Nursing staff should enhance their awareness of IDH and its associated risk factors. Close monitoring of hemodialysis patients, particularly their biochemical parameters is essential to minimize the occurrence of IDH and improve patient outcomes.