Mechanism of Hydrogen Sulfide Generation and Prevention Strategies in Oil and Gas Fields: A Case Study of the Sickle Bay Operation Area

ABSTRACT To address the persistent exceedance of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) concentrations and the limited effectiveness of existing treatments in the Sickle Bay oil production area, this study deeply analyzes the mechanism of H 2 S generation in the Sickle Bay oil production area and proposes targeted prevention and control strategies. The results show that the main pathway for the generation of H 2 S in this area is the biological action of sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB), rather than the traditional understanding of sulfur‐containing organic matter thermal cracking or sulfate thermochemical reduction processes. In the ground storage tank, due to the formation of anaerobic environment, abundant nutrients, and suitable temperature conditions, these factors collectively create favorable conditions for the rapid reproduction of SRB, resulting in significant H 2 S accumulation. To effectively inhibit the generation of H 2 S, this study conducted a series of screening and optimization experiments on bactericides. The experimental results show that the two bactericides SW‐60 and SW‐80 have good bactericidal effects when added at a concentration of 100 mg/L. Field experiments confirmed that the combined approach of casing‐injected bactericides and a triazine‐based desulfurizer in the surface process effectively suppressed H 2 S generation, thereby securing oilfield production safety. The research results provide strong technical support for the treatment of H 2 S in oil and gas fields.