TREM2 in Alzheimer's disease: A global bibliometric analysis of research evolution and therapeutic implications

Background Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a microglial receptor genetically linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and increasingly recognized as a key regulator of neuroinflammation, yet its global research landscape in AD remains unclear. Objective In the central nervous system, TREM2 expressed on microglia is closely related to the occurrence and development of AD and has been extensively studied in recent years. However, there is still a lack of bibliometric analysis regarding TREM2 and AD. Methods We searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for articles published from January 1, 2000, to September 30, 2024. After a thorough screening process, we selected relevant information regarding TREM2 and AD. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on a total of 944 publications. The analysis utilized GraphPad Prism 9, CiteSpace6.1.6, VOSviewer1.6.19, the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology, GeneMANIA and Metascape. Results A total of 944 publications from 2000 to 2024 met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. Over this period, research activity in TREM2 and AD has shown a consistent upward trend, with notable peaks in 2021 and 2022. The United States and China lead in the number of publications, with Washington University being the top research institution. Neurobiology of Aging is the most frequently cited journal in this field. Research has focused on key areas like molecular biology, genetics, and neuroimmunology. Critical keywords include microglia, inflammation, and genetic variants, while recent studies highlight emerging topics such as protein interactions, neurodegeneration, and cognitive impairment. Conclusions This study employs advanced bibliometric analysis tools and visualization techniques to clearly present the major research themes, development trends, and prospects of TREM2 in AD.