Evaluation of Simultaneous Implant Placement and Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation with Gelatin Sponge versus Allogenic Demineralized Bone Matrix: (A randomized controlled clinical trial)

Purpose: This clinical trial compares maxillary sinus floor augmentation with Allogenic Demineralized Bone Matrix (ADBM) versus absorbable gelatin sponge in terms of the linear radiographic vertical bone height gain, as well as the implant’s primary and secondary stability.Methods: Sinus lifting through a side-window entry with implant placement was performed in 14 patients with unilateral vertical maxillary deficiency, equally distributed. The patients in the control group received an ADBM sinus floor graft, whereas those in the test group received a gelatin sponge. The radiographic vertical bone gain was assessed using a preoperative and six-month CBCT comparison. The evaluation of primary and secondary implant stability was aided by immediate and six-month postoperative calibration of the Osstell device.Results: The final radiographic vertical bone height gain recorded a mean of (7.92±0.77 mm) for the control group versus (3.90±0.34 mm) for the test group, and revealed a statistically significant difference (P<0.001*). The primary implant stability of the control group recorded a mean of (72.64±1.6 ISQ) versus (71.90±2.24 ISQ) for the test group, which was statistically insignificant (p=0.543). The mean secondary implant stability of the control group was recorded as (79.14±1.03 ISQ) versus (74.50±2.18) for the test group, which revealed statistically significant (p<0.001*) Conclusion: While both materials were deemed reliable for sinus floor augmentation and implant osseointegration and demonstrated comparable results concerning the primary implant stability, ADBM induced significantly higher vertical bone gain and secondary implant stability values than those of the gelatin sponge.