URBAN TRANSFORMATIONS AND REVITALIZATION STRATEGIES: INNOVATIVE APPROACHES FOR SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPE AND CROATIA

<p><em>Urban transformations and revitalization processes have become essential components of sustainable development strategies in contemporary cities. This paper explores the theoretical and practical dimensions of urban transformation, emphasizing the balance between economic development, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion. Through an interdisciplinary framework, the research examines the evolution of European urban policies, particularly the shift from industrial urbanism toward post-industrial, knowledge-based development models. Special attention is given to revitalization as a strategic approach for reusing degraded or obsolete urban spaces and transforming them into vibrant, multifunctional environments.</em></p> <p><em>Drawing on examples from major European cities—including Hamburg, Barcelona, Ljubljana, Copenhagen, and Vienna—the paper identifies key factors for successful sustainable regeneration. The case study of Split, Croatia, with emphasis on the areas of Kopilica and Dračevac, is used to evaluate the applicability of European urban transformation models in a local context. The analysis is guided by the zero hypothesis that:</em></p> <p><em>“The application of integrated European revitalization models has no significant impact on sustainable development outcomes in Split’s urban zones of Kopilica and Dračevac.”</em></p> <p><em>Based on comparative analysis, planning documentation, qualitative spatial assessment, and policy review, the hypothesis is rejected. The study concludes with recommendations for developing resilient and inclusive urban environments in Croatia and outlines directions for future research.</em></p> <p><strong><i>JEL</i></strong><strong><i> classification: R11, Q01</i></strong><i></i></p>