Public perceptions of low-dose radiation and small modular reactors: A survey-based social science analysis

This study examines public perceptions of low-dose radiation (LDR) and small modular reactors (SMRs) to inform strategies for improving nuclear literacy and acceptance. Survey results revealed that, despite high levels of formal education, knowledge of radiation was limited. Most participants relied on media rather than scientific sources. Expert-led presentations noticeably increased perceptions of LDR safety. Opinions on SMRs were divided, with notable concerns about proximity to residential areas. Emotional responses to SMRs were largely neutral, with signs of cautious optimism. The findings underscore the need for accessible, evidence-based communication and public engagement to foster informed support for nuclear technologies in achieving climate goals. • Significant knowledge gaps on LDR exist even among well-educated individuals. • News and social media are dominant but unreliable information sources. • Expert-led education improves perceptions of radiation safety. • Public views on SMRs are mixed, with location concerns and cautious optimism.