EFFECTS OF SUB-ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF FERMENTED ELAEIS GUINEENSIS SAP (PALM WINE) ON THE PRE-FRONTAL CORTEX OF ADULT WISTAR RATS

Abstract: Background: Palm wine (sap from Elaeis guineensis) is known to have alcoholic contents which increases upon fermentation, yet it is being consumed in large and chronic dimensions without strict government regulations. Aim: This study aimed at investigating the effects of sub-acute administration of fermented Elaeis guineensis sap (palm wine) on the pre-frontal cortex of the brain using adult wistar rats. Methodology: Unadulterated palm wine (Elaeis guineensis Sap) was diluted with 50% clean tap water, and allowed to ferment at room temperature for 24 hours before being administered to the rats. Twenty five (25) healthy male wistar rats with average weight of 200g were divided into five groups (n=5). Group A served as the normal controls and received only distilled water daily. Group B, C, D, and E were received increasing volumes of fermented palm wine via oral routes in increasing progressions (1ml, 2ml, 4ml, and 8ml respectively). The experimental procedure lasted for 14 days. 24 hours after their last administration, the rats were sacrificed under ketamine (100mg/ml) as anesthesia. Their brain mass were carefully harvested, the prefrontal cortices were isolated for histological analyses and stained with Cresyl Fast Violet and also Hematoxylin and Eosin. Results: Treated groups showed progressive dose-related injuries evidenced by vacuolation of neurons, dilation of perivascular spaces, fatty changes, neuronal atrophy and loss of nissl bodies. Severity of these effects increased as dosage increased. Conclusion: Fermented Elaeis guineensis Sap demonstrated a clear dose-dependent deleterious effects on the histomorphorlogy of the prefrontal cortex. Keywords: Elaeis guineensis, Alcoholic beverage, Pre-frontal cortex, Neurotoxicity. Title: EFFECTS OF SUB-ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF FERMENTED ELAEIS GUINEENSIS SAP (PALM WINE) ON THE PRE-FRONTAL CORTEX OF ADULT WISTAR RATS Author: Christian Chiemeka Ozor, Chike Ikechukwu Patric Anibeze, Godson Emeka Anyanwu International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online) Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025 Page No: 148-156 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 31-December-2025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18109713 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/effects-of-sub-acute-administration-of-fermented-elaeis-guineensis-sap-palm-wine-on-the-pre-frontal-cortex-of-adult-wistar-rats