A Multiple Scattering Channel Model for Ultraviolet Signal Propagation in the Atmosphere

ABSTRACT In this paper, we put forward an accurate multiple scattering channel model for ultraviolet (UV) signals propagating through the atmosphere. The model incorporates both the altitude‐dependent variation of the refractive index structure parameter and the relative height between the UV transmitter and receiver, factors which have often been overlooked in previous studies. To validate the proposed model, we compare it with the established turbulence model through simulations and experiments at transmission distances ranging from 600 to 1000 m. The results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves higher accuracy. Furthermore, we investigate the effects of wind speed, the nominal value of the refractive‐index structure parameter at ground level, and the number of photon scattering events on the channel path loss. This work establishes a solid theoretical foundation for the development of UV communication technology.