Bone-Healing Enhancement Using Particulate Biomaterials and Fibrin-Based Compounds: A Narrative Literature Review of Evidence in Animal Models

The human body's ability to recover from bone injuries is remarkable; however, in specific conditions, interventions are required to restore function and prevent complications. To accelerate osteogenesis, several strategies have been explored, including grafts, biomaterials, and adjuvant therapies. The aim of this narrative review was to analyze the preclinical evidence regarding the combination of particulate biomaterials and fibrin derivatives for bone regeneration. Publications using hydroxyapatite, bovine bone, β-tricalcium phosphate, and bioglass in association with fibrin glue, heterologous fibrin sealants, or platelet-rich fibrin were examined to identify recurrent experimental patterns and biological outcomes. According to the studies, hydroxyapatite and bovine bone were the most frequently investigated scaffolds, whereas fibrin glue and heterologous fibrin sealants showed consistent adhesion and favorable host response profiles in animal models. β-tricalcium phosphate demonstrated faster remodeling but lower volumetric stability, and bioglass showed high bioactivity in isolated reports. Despite heterogeneity in particle size, fibrin formulations, defect models, and follow-up periods, most studies reported enhanced bone deposition, vascularization, and integration when particulate biomaterials were combined with fibrin-based matrices. Overall, the evidence suggests that these combinations promote more organized and biologically favorable bone healing under experimental conditions. Future translational and clinical research is required to standardize protocols and determine the therapeutic applicability of these strategies in human bone repair.