A Cross-sectional Study on the Association of Serum Uric Acid to High-density Lipoprotein Ratio and Monocyte to HDL Ratio with Glycemic Control in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Aim and objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders.The best marker of diabetic control is glycated hemoglobin (HBA1C), but the lack of reflection of daily change in glucose regulation is still an important insufficiency.The study aimed to find the association of serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (UHR) and monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR) with glycemic control in subjects with T2DM.Materials and methods: After clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee, from January 2025 to February 2025, a total of 165 participants meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited for the study from Malabar Medical College Hospital and Research Centre (MMC&RH), Modakkallur.Diabetes was diagnosed with the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria.Each study group, which included individuals with diabetes with HBA1C > 7%, those having diabetes with HBA1C < 7% and healthy controls, contained 55 participants who were age and sex matched.After getting written informed consent, participants were anonymized and coded with numbers.The biophysical profiles of participants were recorded.Venous blood was collected from each study subject, and biochemical and hematological parameters were estimated.Results: The study found out significant difference in both UHR and MHR between the three groups.There was a significant positive correlation between UHR and HBA1C and between MHR and HBA1C.However, there was no significant difference in UHR and MHR among diabetic subjects with and without good glycemic control.Conclusion: Uric acid to HDL ratio and MHR might not be recommended to replace HBA1C in the assessment of glycemic control, but their estimation could provide an add-on benefit in the prognosis and treatment of the disease.Clinical significance: Uric acid to HDL ratio and MHR are two biomarkers which can be easily estimated, and they give an idea of the inflammatory status of subjects with diabetes, which might be helpful in the treatment and prognosis of T2DM.