Smart concrete, a new solution for increasing the stability and lifespan of concrete structures

Concrete, the most widely used building material globally, has always required advancements to address challenges such as degradation, erosion, and the need for constant repairs. This article explores the concept of "smart concrete," a new generation of concrete materials that is fundamentally transforming the construction industry with advanced capabilities like self-sensing, self-healing, self-heating, and electrical conductivity. This research introduces the main types of smart concrete and their operating mechanisms, while also discussing the diverse applications of this technology in various infrastructures and structures. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of using smart concrete are analyzed, and the challenges and future outlook for this innovative technology are outlined, with the aim of increasing durability, reducing maintenance costs, and improving structural safety. The results indicate that, despite some initial obstacles, smart concrete has high potential to change our approach to the design, construction, and management of structures, marking a significant step toward sustainable and intelligent construction.