Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of RPRD1B as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker

Regulation of nuclear pre-mRNA domain containing 1B (RPRD1B, also known as CREPT), has emerged as a potential factor in cancer development. Despite growing evidence, a comprehensive evaluation of RPRD1B across different cancer types has not been conducted. This study aims to explore its prognostic significance in pan-cancer analysis. Online databases and platforms such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx), the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), cBioPortal, TIMER2.0, BioGRID, and SangerBox were used to gather data on RPRD1B across various cancers. The pan-cancer patient datasets were analyzed to explore the relationships among RPRD1B expression, genetic alterations, protein interactions, tumor immunity, and clinical features. The findings indicate that RPRD1B was upregulated in most tumor types compared to normal tissues, and increased protein levels observed in several cancers. Notably, high RPRD1B expression was associated with the infiltration of immune cells, endothelial cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as well as the expression of tumor immune markers in certain cancers. Additionally, elevated RPRD1B expression proved useful for aiding cancer diagnosis and predicting prognosis across multiple cancer types. In vitro studies showed that RPRD1B was upregulated in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) cell lines, where it promoted cell proliferation and invasion. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that knocking down RPRD1B significantly suppressed tumor growth. High RPRD1B expression contributes to cancer progression and may function as a key biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis across various tumor types.