Probing the Dusty Torus of Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151: A Multi-Band Study

Despite several efforts to investigate the accretion disk and torus, near-simultaneous broadband studies of the nuclear regions of radio-quiet AGNs remain lacking. NGC 4151, one of the closest and brightest Seyfert galaxies, provides an excellent laboratory for probing the circum-nuclear regions of AGNs. A detailed, near-simultaneous broadband spectral study of NGC 4151 is carried out during one of its historic minimum activity states, using archival data from the Ultraviolet (UV) to the Infrared (IR) regions. We used the radiative transfer code SKIRT to model the source and to constrain the properties of the torus. We found that the observed broadband spectral energy distribution is best explained by a two-torus geometry with a polar conical shell structure.

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Journal
Galaxies
Published
2026-01-06
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies14010003
Primary Topic
Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Probing the Dusty Torus of Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151: A Multi-Band Study

Debbijoy Bhattacharya, P Sreekumar, G. C. Dewangan, Puthiyaveettil Shalima et al.
Galaxies
Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
article

Probing the Dusty Torus of Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151: A Multi-Band Study

Debbijoy Bhattacharya, P Sreekumar, G. C. Dewangan, Puthiyaveettil Shalima, Arya Sudhakaran
article en

Abstract

Despite several efforts to investigate the accretion disk and torus, near-simultaneous broadband studies of the nuclear regions of radio-quiet AGNs remain lacking. NGC 4151, one of the closest and brightest Seyfert galaxies, provides an excellent laboratory for probing the circum-nuclear regions of AGNs. A detailed, near-simultaneous broadband spectral study of NGC 4151 is carried out during one of its historic minimum activity states, using archival data from the Ultraviolet (UV) to the Infrared (IR) regions. We used the radiative transfer code SKIRT to model the source and to constrain the properties of the torus. We found that the observed broadband spectral energy distribution is best explained by a two-torus geometry with a polar conical shell structure.

GalaxiesVol. 14(1)
Manipal Academy of Higher Education (IN), Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IN)
Smithsonian Institution, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Georgia State University, Goddard Space Flight Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Astrophysics Science Division, Astrophysics Division
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Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
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