Prediction of Blade Root Loads for Wind Turbine Based on RBMO-VMD and TCN-BiLSTM-Attention

Addressing the challenges associated with wind turbine blade root loads—including nonlinearity, strong coupling effects, high computational complexity, and the limitations of conventional mathematical-physical modeling approaches. This paper proposes a wind turbine blade root load prediction model that integrates Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) optimized by the Red-billed Blue Magpie Algorithm (RBMO) and a combined Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN)—Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM)—Attention mechanism. First, the RBMO algorithm optimizes VMD parameters. VMD decomposes data into multiple sub-sequences, which are combined with environmental and operational parameters to form input components for the TCN-BiLSTM-Attention ensemble prediction model. Finally, the RBMO algorithm determines the optimal hyperparameter configuration for the combined model. Prediction outputs from each component are then aggregated and reconstructed to yield the final blade root load prediction. Predictions are compared against actual data and results from other forecasting models. Results demonstrate superior predictive performance for the proposed model, effectively enhancing the accuracy of blade root load prediction for wind turbines.