The process of developing Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC) sites as heritage tourism products in Kedah, Malaysia

Abstract Archaeological research conducted at the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC) has revealed evidence of the development of ancient Kedah civilisations, which has enabled the empowerment of the archaeological heritage tourism sector. Therefore, this study aims to record seven aspects of tourism sector empowerment in the SBAC, which include 1) conservation and preservation, 2) governance, 3) human capital, 4) infrastructure, 5) promotion, 6) other tourism products, and 7) products and communities developed for the purpose of sustainability. For primary data collection, this study employs several methodologies, which includes both qualitative fieldwork and ethnographic observation, to gather essential information. The results reveal that in the SBAC, all seven aspects have been applied to empower tourism, which creates sustainability in the area’s tourism sector; experienced tour guides are able to create 17 iconic tour packages as well as custom tour packages, and this involves the local community in tourism activities. Thus, this study specifically demonstrates the importance of professional governance between stakeholders and the local community for creating a conducive tourism atmosphere that maximises enjoyment in the tourist experience.