Optimal control design for enhancing the maximum power extraction from PMSG-based grid connected wind turbines

This paper addresses the problem of maximizing energy capture in grid-connected wind turbine systems by optimally regulating the operating speed of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based turbines. The study focuses on enhancing maximum power point tracking (MPPT) performance under wind speed variability, parameter uncertainties, and external disturbances. A comparative analysis is first conducted on tip speed ratio control (TSRC) strategies for rotor speed regulation to ensure reliable MPPT operation. Three speed control schemes are then examined: a conventional proportional–integral (PI) controller, a tuned PI controller (first proposed approach), and an optimized sliding mode controller (second proposed approach). To achieve optimal tuning, the Satin Bowerbird Optimizer (SBO) is employed, ensuring improved dynamic response and control accuracy. Furthermore, optimal torque control (OTC) is evaluated against the proposed TSRC-based methods. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategies is validated through extensive simulations and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments, demonstrating significant improvements in power extraction efficiency and robustness compared to conventional techniques. • Modeling and simulating a variable speed wind turbine with 3-phase PMSG. • Implementing modified tip speed ratio control techniques for wind turbine's MPPT. • Utilizing Satin Bowerbird algorithm for optimizing the proposed speed controllers. • Validating the control systems effectiveness under different operating conditions. • Verifying the control systems feasibility using hardware-in-the-loop testing.