Sustainable Campus Landscape Designing and Planning: A Comparative Study of Implementation Strategies

Creating sustainable landscapes is one of the priorities in designing and planning for campuses, as they offer a healthy and safe external environment, a place to meet and exchange ideas, and increase social relations between the different campus groups. Furthermore, they enhance the site's aesthetics and achieve the elements of environmental, social, and economic sustainability. This research aims to identify the challenges and obstacles, and to develop essential strategies to transform local campuses and their landscapes into sustainable environments. It studied the campuses and landscapes of the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in Saudi Arabia and the American University in Cairo, Egypt and compared them with those of the University of Baghdad. The study found that developing certain critical strategies to obtain a sustainable campus and landscapes would also promote high energy and renewable energy efficiency, and rationalize consumption and environmental compatibility. In this regard, the strategies promoted greater efficiency of building materials, resources, lighting, ventilation, maintenance, and efficient water use, besides acquiring the factors of sustainability