Prevalence of os odontoideum: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression with implications for vertebral artery and osseous anomalies
OO is rare among the general population. However, its prevalence is significantly higher in individuals with craniofacial malformations or 21 trisomy. Knowledge of the epidemiology of OO may facilitate earlier and more accurate diagnosis, particularly in high-risk patient populations. However, substantial heterogeneity warrants cautious interpretation. In pursuance of establishing the odds ratio, a greater number of case-control studies should be conducted.
Authors
- Weronika Grzyb (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9385-7956)
- Leszek Sagan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5366-1070)
- Marta Klepinowska (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2288-5781)
- Dominik Taterra (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5135-6750)
- Tomasz Klepinowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4806-2094)
- Aleksander Osiowski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4197-1115)
- Maksymilian Osiowski
- Giuseppe Esposito
Institutions
- Jagiellonian University (PL)
- University Hospital of Zurich (CH)
- Pomeranian Medical University (PL)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Neurosurgical Review
- Published
- 2026-01-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-025-04042-7
- Primary Topic
- Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00