Enhancing Hyperthermic Oncology: A Computational Approach to Optimize Fe3O4@Au core-shell Configurations for Targeted Tumor Therapy

This work focuses on Near- Infrared region and an incident laser with a wavelength of 808 nm to study the numerical optimization of the Fe3O4@Au core-shell nanostructure for enhanced hyperthermia treatment, specifically targeting skin cancer. Utilizing the simulation capabilities of COMSOL Multiphysics, we meticulously computed the optical properties-absorption, scattering, and extinction coefficients-of these nanostructures across varying incident wavelengths and core-to-shell ratios. Our findings reveal a pivotal dependency of maximum absorption rates on both the core-to-shell ratio and the parameters of the incident laser, marking a significant stride in the customization of hyperthermia therapy. Crucially, the study harnesses local temperature elevation as a therapeutic index for skin cancer treatment. The thermal mapping achieved delineates a stark contrast between the peak temperature of 56 °C within the tumor and a controlled 37 °C in the surrounding healthy tissue, showcasing the potential for targeted thermal ablation with minimal collateral damage. The graphical representations not only corroborate the theoretical model but also serve as a beacon for future clinical applications, promising a new horizon in the minimally invasive treatment of cancer with the utmost precision and minimal undesired effects.