Stakeholder perceptions of corporate social responsibility in sustainable food systems: a systematic review

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) can shape sustainable food systems, yet stakeholder perceptions vary across contexts. This systematic review synthesises empirical evidence on how stakeholders interpret and evaluate CSR in sustainable food systems, the impacts associated with these perceptions, and whether findings converge across national settings. We searched Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection through 29 June 2025 for peer-reviewed empirical studies published in 2015–2025 (English; full text). A total of 37 studies from 22 countries met the inclusion criteria. Most studies used quantitative surveys and focused on consumers, while producers, distributors, retailers, non-governmental organisations, and policymakers were examined less often. Recurrent themes include health and environmental concerns, the intention–behaviour gap, and the roles of trust, labelling, and certification in shaping responses to CSR, alongside cross-cultural variation linked to institutional context. Limitations include English-only coverage, regional imbalance, narrow stakeholder coverage in primary studies, and heavy reliance on survey designs. Study quality was considered using CASP/MMAT. Overall, stakeholder perceptions influence the uptake and effectiveness of CSR in food markets. Implications point to transparent disclosure, clear and verifiable labelling, third-party assurance, and more inclusive, context-sensitive research.