Computational investigation of iris melanoma effects on aqueous humor dynamics in the anterior chamber of the human eye

Iris melanoma, a rare but potentially vision-threatening malignancy, can significantly disrupt the physiological flow of aqueous humor (AH) within the anterior chamber (AC) of the human eye. Such disruptions may affect intraocular pressure (IOP) regulation and overall ocular fluid dynamics, leading to complications in disease progression and treatment outcomes. In this study, a computational model is developed to examine the impact of iris melanoma on AH dynamics. The tumor is represented as a solid obstruction located on the iris surface. The governing Navier–Stokes and energy equations are solved using ANSYS Fluent to simulate steady-state AH flow under physiological conditions. Key parameters, including velocity fields, IOP, wall shear stress, skin friction coefficient, strain rate, and flow patterns, are analyzed and compared with results from existing literature. The findings reveal that the presence of iris melanoma induces localized flow disturbances and increases IOP within the AC. This study provides important insights into the biomechanical consequences of iris melanoma and supports the development of improved clinical assessment and treatment planning strategies through patient-specific computational modeling.