CONTEMPORARY STRUCTURES IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL AND SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION

<p><i>Digitalization of design, growing sustainability requirements and the growing need for functional resilience of buildings after earthquakes are changing the paradigm of modern construction. This paper provides a critical overview of modern seismically resistant structural systems (frame systems, wall/core systems, dual systems, additional energy dissipation systems and basic seismic isolation), with a mathematical foundation of basic principles (spectral calculation, control of interfloor displacements, energy dissipation and effective attenuation). The analysis is complemented by five representative case studies from recent practice: (i) Başakşehir Çam & Sakura City Hospital (Istanbul) – large-scale base isolation, (ii) Apple Park (Cupertino) – base isolation of a large corporate campus, (iii) SFO International Terminal (San Francisco) – an early example of a friction pendulum, (iv) Tokyo Skytree (Tokyo) – a central pillared vibration control system inspired by the concept of "shinbashir", and (v) Wilshire Grand Center (Los Angeles) – a high-rise building with Stiffening System and Dissipative Elements (BRB). A comparative table of performance, key technologies and project frameworks is provided, as well as a critical discussion in the context of Eurocode 8 and ASCE 7/41. In conclusion, an integrated framework for performance-based design with BIM/digital twin and LCA metrics is proposed, with a focus on preserving the functionality of buildings and reducing overall lifecycle losses.</i></p> <p><strong><i>JEL</i></strong><strong><i> classification:</i></strong> <strong><i>P01, P56, O33, L74, R33</i></strong><i></i></p>