CTLA-4, PTNP-22 and FOXO-3A gene variants as genetic biomarkers for the co-occurrence of type 1 diabetes with autoimmune thyroid diseases in the Polish population
CTLA4 polymorphisms were associated with an elevated risk of a thyroid disease and poorer glycemic control; FOXO3A showed a dual role, that is, protective against familial thyroid disease but unfavorable for glycemic regulation; and the PTPN22 variant improved glycemic control. Genetic profiling may improve risk assessment and management in patients with T1D.
Authors
- Anna Maj-Podsiadło (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4790-298X)
- Nikola Szweda-Gandor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3571-8587)
- E Cichocka
- Janusz Gumprecht
Publication Details
- Journal
- Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnętrznej
- Published
- 2026-01-07
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.20452/pamw.17189
- Primary Topic
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00