Analysis of The Development Hydrogen Production and Utilization Ecosystem in The Energy Transition Era to Increase Generation Revenue in Western Java

The energy transition poses a major challenge for Indonesia, currently ranked 42nd in the ASEAN Climate Change Index and targeting Net Zero Emissions (NZE) by 2060. Hydrogen, as an alternative energy source, holds significant potential in diversifying fossil fuel use, although ongoing technological development is required to achieve an ideal Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH). In the power generation sector, excess hydrogen production from four generating units in West Java (UBP Suralaya, UBP BSLA, UBP Cilegon, UBP Kamojang) can be utilized for energy conversion. The State Electricity Company (PLN) has tested hydrogen utilization through a Hydrogen Refueling Station and H?-powered generator. This study employs a descriptive quantitative analysis to calculate production costs, energy consumption, and environmental impact. The results indicate an annual decrease in hydrogen production costs of USD 0.303 per kg H?. Temperature and production time factors affect costs by approximately 1.93%, with an optimal temperature range of 36–38°C. An excess of 22.6 tons of hydrogen per year could generate additional revenue of IDR 1,222,911,546.37 per year from electricity conversion and IDR 22,336,949,239.20 per year from compressed hydrogen gas products. Hydrogen utilization can reduce CO? emissions by up to -1,487,058.65 CO2e Kg/years of (Hydrogen Refueling Station and Generator Hydrogen). This study concludes that hydrogen, as an energy carrier, can support Indonesia's energy transition by reducing carbon emissions, enhancing energy independence, and serving as a basis for the development of a renewable energy-based hydrogen ecosystemKata