Study of the Potential Protective Effect of Resveratrol and Cholecalciferol on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis Compared with Mesna in Rats

Background: Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a frequent complication of cyclophosphamide (CP) therapy due to its toxic metabolite acrolein. Mesna is commonly used to prevent this toxicity.Aim: To assess the protective effects of resveratrol and cholecalciferol compared with mesna against CP-induced HC.Methods: This study involved 60 healthy male albino rats divided into six groups: Group I served as a normal control, Group II received untreated HC, Group III was administered resveratrol 20 minutes before CP injection, Group IV received cholecalciferol for 21 days alongside CP, Group V was treated with both resveratrol and cholecalciferol combined with CP, and Group VI was given CP with Mesna at 120 mg/kg.Results: CP markedly increased oxidative stress and inflammation, elevating Malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-1, urea, and creatinine, and causing hematuria and proteinuria. Resveratrol significantly improved these parameters; cholecalciferol had moderate protection, and their combination gave additive effects but was still less potent than mesna.Conclusion: Resveratrol pretreatment effectively reduced oxidative and inflammatory damage and improved renal function in CP-induced HC, showing promising protective potential.