The moderating role of adverse childhood experiences in the relationship between workplace incivility and suboptimal health status among nurses

Workplace incivility is an important factor influencing nurses' suboptimal health status, with incivility from supervisors exerting the most pronounced effects. Adverse childhood experiences play a protective moderating role, implying that moderate early-life adversity may enhance psychological resilience. Management strategies should prioritize addressing high-risk sources of incivility and incorporate individual differences in early-life experiences to design more tailored health support programs.