Swearing enhances manual dexterity

Swearing, or the use of taboo language, has been linked to increased psychological flow, self-confidence, and state disinhibition, raising the possibility that it may function as a psychological warm-up to enhance fine motor skills. This study investigated whether repeating a swear word, compared to a neutral word, improves manual dexterity. Two randomized, repeated-measures experiments were conducted. Experiment #1 (<i>n</i> = 61) assessed manual dexterity using the Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT) and state disinhibition via the Stop-Signal Reaction Test (SSRT). Experiment #2 (<i>n</i> = 42) used the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and examined the moderating role of daily swearing frequency. In both experiments, participants repeated a self-selected swear or neutral word for 15 s before performing the dexterity task. Swearing significantly improved performance on both the MMDT (<i>p</i> < 0.001, η <i><sup>2</sup> <sub><i>p</i></sub> </i> = 0.268) and the 9-HPT (<i>p</i> = 0.036, η <i><sup>2</sup> <sub><i>p</i></sub> </i> = 0.105). However, no differences in state disinhibition were observed between conditions, and daily swearing frequency did not moderate the effects. These findings suggest swearing enhances manual dexterity, but mediating and moderating factors remains unclear.

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Publication Details

Journal
Frontiers in Psychology
Published
2026-01-07
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1676618
Primary Topic
Swearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Swearing enhances manual dexterity

Kieran Bromley, Richard Stephens, Sophia L. Porrill, Dominic Bromley et al.
Frontiers in Psychology
Swearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism
article

Swearing enhances manual dexterity

Kieran Bromley, Richard Stephens, Sophia L. Porrill, Dominic Bromley, Christopher G. Ballmann, Nicholas B. Washmuth
article en

Abstract

Swearing, or the use of taboo language, has been linked to increased psychological flow, self-confidence, and state disinhibition, raising the possibility that it may function as a psychological warm-up to enhance fine motor skills. This study investigated whether repeating a swear word, compared to a neutral word, improves manual dexterity. Two randomized, repeated-measures experiments were conducted. Experiment #1 (<i>n</i> = 61) assessed manual dexterity using the Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT) and state disinhibition via the Stop-Signal Reaction Test (SSRT). Experiment #2 (<i>n</i> = 42) used the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and examined the moderating role of daily swearing frequency. In both experiments, participants repeated a self-selected swear or neutral word for 15 s before performing the dexterity task. Swearing significantly improved performance on both the MMDT (<i>p</i> < 0.001, η <i><sup>2</sup> <sub><i>p</i></sub> </i> = 0.268) and the 9-HPT (<i>p</i> = 0.036, η <i><sup>2</sup> <sub><i>p</i></sub> </i> = 0.105). However, no differences in state disinhibition were observed between conditions, and daily swearing frequency did not moderate the effects. These findings suggest swearing enhances manual dexterity, but mediating and moderating factors remains unclear.

Frontiers in PsychologyVol. 16
University of Alabama at Birmingham (US), Keele University (GB), University of Alabama in Huntsville (US), Samford University (US)
Quality Education
Openalex Percentile: Top 96%
Swearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism
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