Work-Related Musculoskeletal Risk Levels of Physical Therapists during Patient Transfers between Therapy Tables and Wheelchairs

Purpose: This study used an ergonomic evaluation framework to assess the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) associated with patient transfers between a therapy table and a wheelchair.Methods: A manual wheelchair with a fixed seat height of 45 cm was used, and the height of the therapy table was set at 45 cm and 52.5 cm.A physical therapist performed patient transfers between the wheelchair and the therapy table, and the movement was recorded for analysis.The transfer process was segmented into three phases-initial posture, intermediate posture, and final posture-based on the sequence of movement.The risk of WMSDs was assessed using ergonomic evaluation tools, including the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Results:The REBA analysis revealed that the highest risk occurred during the intermediate posture, particularly in the trunk.The elevated risk level was attributed to the absence of a handle for secure coupling.Similarly, the RULA analysis indicated a significant ergonomic risk and increased load during the intermediate posture. Conclusion:The greatest risk during patient transfers by physical therapists is concentrated in the trunk region, highlighting susceptibility to lumbar WMSDs.These results underscore the necessity for preventive strategies and educational interventions aimed at modifying physical therapy postures and promoting the use of ergonomic assistive tools to mitigate WMSD risks.