Effect of Avocado Extract on Erythrocyte Membrane Biophysics in Diabetic Conditions: An In Vitro Study

This research aimed to evaluate the in vitro protective effects of avocado (Persea americana) extract on erythrocyte membrane stability under diabetic conditions. Diabetes mellitus is associated with excessive oxidative stress that destabilizes erythrocyte membranes through lipid peroxidation and structural damage. These changes can be assessed using biochemical and biophysical markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), osmotic fragility, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and zeta potential. Natural antioxidants such as avocado are considered promising protective agents. Avocado extract significantly reduced osmotic fragility and hemolysis, lowered MDA levels indicating decreased lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. SEM and zeta potential analyses further confirmed the preservation of membrane structure and surface charge. Overall, avocado extract demonstrated a protective role against diabetes-induced erythrocyte alterations by reducing oxidative stress and maintaining membrane integrity, supporting its potential as a natural antioxidant therapeutic agent. These findings underscore the potential of bioactive compounds from avocado seeds as natural agents for maintaining erythrocyte integrity and combating oxidative stress linked to diabetes.