Research on Anticracking Performance of Basalt Fiber–Reinforced Asphalt Emulsion Cold Patch Based on DIC Technology

As an effective reinforcement additive, basalt fiber improves the crack resistance of asphalt mixtures by enhancing their structural integrity. This study utilizes digital image correlation (DIC) technology and semicircular bending (SCB) tests to investigate the impact of varying basalt fiber dosages on the crack resistance of asphalt emulsion cold patch materials under medium and low temperature conditions. The analysis identifies the load point corresponding to the peak global horizontal average strain as a reliable indicator of material failure during fracture. Key parameters, including peak load, maximum horizontal strain, fracture energy, crack tortuosity coefficient, and plastic zone area, are used to comprehensively assess performance. Results demonstrate that basalt fiber contributes notably to mechanical enhancement, with measurable improvements across all evaluated indices. The optimal dosage for reinforcing asphalt emulsion cold patch mixtures is determined to be 3‰. This research provides a practical approach to addressing the persistent challenge of insufficient crack resistance in cold-applied asphalt repair materials. This research offers a viable solution to the challenge of inadequate crack resistance in asphalt emulsion cold patch applications.