Effects of the Application of Squat Training with a Balance Pad on Balance and Gait in Stroke Patients

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of squat exercises on balance and gait in stroke patients using a balance pad.Methods: Thirty stroke patients were divided into two groups: the squat exercise with balance pad group (n = 15) and the general physical therapy group (n = 15).The sample size was calculated using the G*Power 3.1.9.7 program.Balance was assessed using the Physiosensing platform by measuring the weight distribution ratio, sway area, and limits of stability.Gait was assessed using the G-Walk system by measuring cadence, walking speed, and step length.Within-group comparisons were performed using paired t-tests and between-group comparisons were conducted using ANCOVA, with pre-intervention values set as covariates.The intervention was conducted 5 times per week for 8 weeks.Results: A within-group analysis revealed significant improvements in all variables in the experimental group, which performed squat exercises using the balance pad.In the control group, which received general physical therapy, significant improvements were observed in the weight distribution ratio, limits of stability, cadence, and walking speed.The between-group analysis demonstrated significantly greater improvements in all variables in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion:The findings of this study indicate that squat exercises using a balance pad are effective in improving balance and gait abilities in stroke patients.