Addressing key barriers through a network approach to promote sustainable healthcare waste management

Purpose Effective healthcare waste management (HCWM) is critical to protect public health and the environment, but its implementation has numerous barriers. In this study, the authors used a network approach to analyze systemic issues in HCWM by assessing the interdependencies between various barriers. Using correlation-based network construction, centrality measures, modularity analysis and robustness checks, the authors determined critical barriers and thematic clusters that decide the system’s dynamics. This article seeks to Protecting the environment and public health requires effective healthcare waste management (HCWM), yet there are many obstacles to its implementation. Design/methodology/approach Network visualization demonstrates structural complexity of the system, emphasizing the importance of targeting central barriers and addressing independent issues through coordinated systems approach. Centrality analysis identifies key barriers that have a significant impact and are essential for systemic improvement, such as lack of segregation and temporary storage facilities, lack of coordination among stakeholders and lack of infection control measures. Modularity analysis further determines distinct communities of interconnected barriers, highlighting thematic issues related to knowledge gaps, operational inefficiencies and governance challenges. Findings The study findings provide practical ways for applying evidence-based interventions and policy frameworks to improve HCWM. This study highlights the need for a holistic and strategic effort to build sustainable and resilient waste management systems, opening the way to improved public health and environmental outcomes. Originality/value The present study is the author’s original work and makes a distinct contribution to the field.