The relationship between geo-archaeological remains and the Holocene evolution of the coastline in the Agiba area, west of Marsa Matruh City, Egypt.

The study area is located north of the Greco-Roman city of Apis (Nautis), between Umm El Rakham Island and Ras Abu Lahou, which is part of the NW coast of Egypt. Researchers discovered some archaeological remains on the coast and underwater during their survey of the eastern side of Ras Abu Lahu. The site is located about 24 km west of Marsa Matrouh City and is close to the submerged port at Ras Umm El Rakham, where, as described by another early writer, Scylax of Cariande, said in his journey (the original version was written around 350 BC) that the Egyptian authority extended to it. Some coastal land shapes created by the rising and falling sea levels during the Holocene, were seen along the shore, including different levels of coastal notches, platforms, and caves, as well as small landforms made by seawater on carbonate rocks, like solution holes, channels, pits, and leftover peaks.