Analysis of psychosocial adaptation status and influencing factors in patients with diabetic lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans

This study investigates the current status of psychosocial adaptation (PA) levels and its influencing factors among patients with diabetic lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans (DLASO). It analyzes the impact of positive psychological constructs such as mindfulness and perceived benefits of illness on PA in DLASO patients, filling gaps in theoretical framework integration and providing a theoretical basis for developing targeted psychological intervention strategies. A cross-sectional study employed convenience sampling to investigate 200 DLASO patients aged 40 to 78 years. Data collection utilized a demographic questionnaire, the psychosocial adaptation to illness scale, the mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS), and the benefit finding scale. A total of 191 patients completed the survey. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that mindfulness and perceived disease benefit were negatively correlated with psychosocial adaptation to illness scale scores (all <0.05). Multiple linear regression results indicated: R = 0.789, adjusted R = 0.780. Age, per capita monthly household income, HbA1c value, and DLASO grading were risk factors for PA, while mindfulness and perceived disease benefit served as protective factors (all <0.05). Substituting into the regression equation yields: PAIS-S = 86.55 + 1.70 × age - 1.59 × monthly household income per capit +2.92 × HbA1c valu + 1.69 × DLASO grading -0.14 × mindfulness awareness scale total score -0.74 × perceived benefit of illness scale total score. This suggests that healthcare providers should incorporate mindfulness-based interventions and disease benefit education into the care plans for DLASO patients in clinical practice. It is essential to strengthen the systematic assessment of patients' psychological status, healthcare behaviors, and social environment across multiple dimensions, integrating these into a dynamic monitoring system to promote improvements in their PA levels.